Hardware Fixtures for Doors and Windows Fittings

     In this blog, you will know about the standard items like fixtures, fastening and devices specified for doors and windows. When we specify doors or windows, we should also specify a schedule of fittings according to them.

There are a large number of carpentry fittings available for fixing to windows, doors, cupboards and many more. The usage of these fittings is limited in number as necessary in our works as they are expensive and also become unusable unless they are frequently operated. The fittings with IS markings only should use in construction.

Here, some of the fixtures are explained below that are commonly used.

Door and Window Hinges

     The hinges are commonly available in steel (plain and oxidized), brass and aluminium. It is prudent to use steel for heavy doors compared to aluminium, as they contain plastic washers in them tend to wear away soon under heavy loads.

The following are the standard door and window hinges:

Butt hinges

They are routinely used for doors and windows.

Butt hinges

Pin hinges

They are alike to butt hinges, but the central pin can be removed so that the two can be individually fixed one to the frame and the other to the shutter.

Parliament hinges

These hinges are very useful in planning doors for passages. They allow the doors and windows to be kept open, with the help of shutter resting parallel to the wall.

Parliament hinge

Garnet hinges

They are also known as T hinge in which short arm is screwed to the door frame. They are generally used for ledged and battened doors.

Counter flap hinges

It has three parts with two pin centres so that the two leaves can be folded back to back, normally used in folding doors.

Strap hinges

They are used usually with Garnet (T) hinge for heavy doors for gates, garages and also ledged and laced doors.

Piano hinges

These hinges are generally used for shutters of cupboards, wardrobes, etc.

Piano hinge

Spring hinges

Single acting and double acting types are available in mild steel, (plain and oxidized) aluminium and brass, which are used for automatically closing shutters.

Spring hinge

Rising butt hinges

These hinges are used for automatically closing doors. The shutter when opened rises up and when left closes itself by gravity.

Door and Window Bolts

     Bolts are a common fixture to doors and windows and are available in aluminium, brass or mild steel.

Tower Bolts are commonly used on doors and windows and are available in aluminium, steel and brass.

Sliding door bolts are used for doors where padlocks are used.

Flush bolts are used for cupboards and sliding windows for bolting the shutter flush with the exterior surface.

Hasp and Staple

     The part with the hinged extension is the hasp, and the fixed part with hook is the staple. They can be of two types, the safety type is made of mild steel, cast brass or aluminium, and the wire type is usually made of steel.

Door Handles

    There are various types of handles made of mild steel, aluminium alloys and brass which are usually fitted to doors.

Door handle

Door Locks

     There are several types of locks available in the market for fitting to doors and generally used ones are mentioned below:

Mortice lock: This is known by this name as the locking part is placed in a mortice. They are available in two types, vertical and horizontal and consist of two bolts, latch bolt and lock bolt.

Mortice lock

Mortice deadlock: This lock has only a lock bolt operated by a key and needs another device to keep it closed when it is unlocked.

Rim locks: This lock is fixed to the face of the doors and preferred when the door is too thin to accommodate a mortice lock.

Rim lock

Night latches: It works as a latch from inside and locks from outside for use on front doors. Latches are available in rim and mortice type.

Night latches

Pad locks: These pad locks are of various types that can be used to lock doors fitted with sliding door bolts.

padlocks

Cupboard and wardrobe locks: These are heavy and light duty locks, usually made of brass and are fitted to the side of the moveable shutter.

Other fastenings to Doors and Windows

     There are many other types of fittings for doors and windows that are listed below:

Hooks and eyes: These are commonly used for windows for keeping them open.

Window stays: These are used to keep the windows, fanlights, etc. open in the desired place. They can be adjustable to keep the shutters in different positions.

Chain with hook: They are used for ventilators.

Door stoppers of different types: Magnetic type’s stoppers are used to keep the doors entirely open.

Hydraulic door closers: These are two types namely the bottle type and tubular type, which are fitted on the top of doors that consist of a hydraulically operated cylinder.

Ball catches for wooden almirah: They contain a strike plate and a catch with a ball and spring and are generally used for cupboards.

Magnetic catches for wooden cupboards: They can be used alternatively of ball catches. These are mostly preferred for doors for children which we do not want to bolt.

     These all fittings described above should be fixed to the wood with suitable fasteners like Nails, Screws, Coach Screws and Bolts for making connections between wooden pieces.

 

Also Check: Types of doors, Exterior and Interior doors